General Information
Status in Florida: Native
Native Habitat: Rich woods and calcareous hammocks
Native States: Limited to Gadsden, Jackson, Liberty, and Washington counties in Florida; widespread throughout eastern North America
Growing Zones: 8A–8B
Size at Maturity: 12–18 inches tall
Phenology: Semi-evergreen perennial, blooms late spring to early summer
Life Cycle: Long-lived perennial
Growth Rate: Moderate
Growth Habit: Upright, clumping
Bloom Season: Late spring to early summer
Bloom Color: Blue, lavender
Growth Conditions
Sunlight Requirements: Part shade to shade
Soil Texture: Loam, limerock, sand
Soil pH: Adaptable; often calcareous in Florida
Moisture Requirements: Somewhat moist, tolerates short dry periods
Tolerance to Salt Spray: Low
Keystone Plant: No
Landscape Considerations
Recommended Landscape Uses: Wildflower garden, shade garden
Maintenance Tips: Prune to maintain shape if desired
Considerations: Prefers moist, well-drained soil in partial shade; avoid full sun exposure
Hurricane Wind Resistant: Yes
Erosion Control: Yes
Nitrogen Fixing: No
Other Information
Edible: No
Pet Safe: Yes
Deer and Rabbit Resistance: No
Historical Medicinal Uses: Not commonly used medicinally
Wildlife Benefit: Attracts pollinators such as butterflies; provides habitat and food for insects and other wildlife. Larval host plants of swallowtails, grey hairstreaks and western pygmy blues. It’s also a food source for rabbits, voles and deerCaterpillar Host Plant: Yes
Propagation: Seeds, division; will spread by rhizomes
