Status in Florida: Native
Native Habitat: Swamps, floodplains, riverbanks, and other wet areas
Native States: Southeastern United States, including Florida
Growing Zones: 4-10
Size at Maturity: 50-120 feet tall, with a spread of 20-40 feet
Phenology: Deciduous conifer
Life Cycle: Perennial
Growth Rate: Moderate to fast
Growth Habit: Pyramidal when young, becoming broad and spreading with age; woody
Bloom Season: Spring
Bloom Color: Inconspicuous, greenish-brown
Sunlight Requirements: Full sun to part shade
Soil Texture: Adaptable to various soils, including sand, loam, and clay; tolerates wet soils and standing water
Soil pH: Acidic to slightly alkaline (adaptable)
Moisture Requirements: Wet to average; tolerates prolonged flooding
Tolerance to Salt Spray: Moderate
Keystone Plant: Yes
Recommended Landscape Uses: Large landscapes, parks, waterfront properties, rain gardens, and naturalized areas
Maintenance Tips: Minimal pruning required; remove dead or damaged branches
Considerations: Develops "knees" (pneumatophores) when grown in wet conditions
Hurricane Wind Resistant: High
Erosion Control: Yes, especially along waterways
Nitrogen Fixing: No
Edible: No
Pet Safe: Yes
Deer and Rabbit Resistance: Moderate
Historical Medicinal Uses: Traditionally used for various ailments
Florida Native Companion Plant (matching growing conditions):
Red Maple (Acer rubrum)
Sweetbay Magnolia (Magnolia virginiana)
Virginia Willow (Itea virginica)
Wildlife Benefit: Birds (nesting, seeds), mammals (seeds), and aquatic wildlife
Caterpillar Host Plant: Yes, some moths