General Information
Status in Florida: Native
Native Habitat: Moist woodlands, hammocks, streambanks, shaded slopes
Native States: FL, GA, AL, MS, LA, SC, NC, TX, and other southeastern states, extending into Central and South America
Growing Zones: 7–10
Size at Maturity: 1.5–3 feet tall, 1.5–2 feet wide
Phenology: Semi-evergreen to evergreen in warmer climates
Life Cycle: Perennial
Growth Rate: Moderate to fast
Growth Habit: Clumping, arching, herbaceous
Bloom Season: Non-flowering (reproduces via spores)
Bloom Color: Not applicable
Growth Conditions
Sunlight Requirements: Part-Shade to Shade
Soil Texture: Loam, sand, organic-rich soils
Soil pH: Slightly acidic to neutral
Moisture Requirements: Moist to average
Tolerance to Salt Spray: Low/None
Keystone Plant: No
Landscape Considerations
Recommended Landscape Uses: Shade gardens, woodland edges, underplantings, naturalized areas, borders
Maintenance Tips: Low maintenance; occasional cleanup of fronds helps keep a tidy appearance
Considerations: Will spread gradually in ideal conditions but not aggressive
Hurricane Wind Resistant: Yes
Erosion Control: Yes
Nitrogen Fixing: No
Other Information
Edible: No
Pet Safe: Yes
Deer and Rabbit Resistance: Yes
Historical Medicinal Uses: No widely documented medicinal uses
Florida Native Companion Plant: Oakleaf Hydrangea, Wild Ginger, Coral Honeysuckle, Beautyberry
Wildlife Benefit: Provides cover for small wildlife and insects
Caterpillar Host Plant: No